放射性廃棄物の海洋投棄を全面禁止した。

第16回ロンドン会議で、放射性廃棄物の海洋投棄を全面禁止した。

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1946年に米国が、太平洋西海岸から北西約80kmの北太平洋で最初に海洋投棄を実施した。
1967年より、OECD/NEAの下で各国が協力して投棄を行うことになった。
その後、投棄海域周辺国の意向を考慮して1972年11月にロンドンで「海洋汚染防止に関する国際会」が開かれ、「ロンドン条約(廃棄物その他の投棄による海洋汚染の防止に関する条約/London Convention 1972/Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping of Wastes and Other Matter 1972)」が採択され、1975年8月に15ヶ国の批准国到達により発効し、以後この条約の下で実施されることになった。
1982年に、海洋調査の結果が出るまで海洋投棄は一時中止することになり、放射性廃棄物の海洋投棄をしていない。

Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping of Wastes and Other Matter, 1972
Adoption: 13 November 1972
Entry into force: 30 August 1975

The 1978 amendments - incineration
Adoption: 12 October 1978
Entry into force: 11 March 1979

The amendments affect Annex I of the Convention and are concerned with the incineration of wastes and other matter at sea.

The 1978 amendments - disputes
Adoption: 12 October 1978
Entry into force: 60 days after being accepted by two thirds of Contracting Parties.
Status: see status of conventions

As these amendments affect the articles of the Convention they are not subject to the tacit acceptance procedure and will enter into force one year after being positively accepted by two thirds of Contracting Parties. They introduce new procedures for the settlement of disputes.

The 1980 amendments - list of substances
Adoption: 24 September 1980
Entry into force: 11 March 1981

These amendments are related to those concerned with incineration and list substances which require special care when being incinerated.

The 1989 amendments
Adoption: 3 November 1989
Entry into force: 19 May 1990

The amendments qualify the procedures to be followed when issuing permits under Annex III. Before this is done, consideration has to be given to whether there is sufficient scientific information available to assess the impact of dumping.

The 1993 amendments
Adoption: 12 November 1993
Entry into force: 20 February 1994

The amendments banned the dumping into sea of low-level radioactive wastes. In addition, the amendments:

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